Improvement in looms for weaving corsets



4 Sheets--Sheet U.

C. GAH'REN.

` Looms for Weaving Corsets, c.

Patented Aug. H, 1874.

YNE GRAPHl (2D. PHOTO-LITK39L 44 PARK PLACELMY.

v 4 Sheets--Sheet 2.

C. GAHBEN.

Looms for Weaving Corsets, &c.

Patented Aug. 11,1374.

7V? Zn eaves:

THE GRAPHIC CD. PHOTO-LITHS: 4-1 PARK PLACE; N.Y.

4 Sheets--Sheet 3. C. GA H R E N Looms for Weaving Corsets, &c. No.154,035. PanentedAugJLwn.

WL'ZfzeJJcJ; 4 jz venan.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES GAHREN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FCR WEAVING CORSETS, &c.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 15,035, dated August 1l, 1874; application tiled November 20,1873.

To all whom it 'may concern:`

Beit known that I, CHARLES GAHREN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain k'new and useful Improvewhich several webs are woven side by side atthe same time; and'its general object is the more successful use of ily-shuttles"` in'such looms. It consists in improvements in the shuttle take-up, whereby the fly-shuttle is made without difficulty to adapt its functions tothe varying width of warp to be iilled also, in certain novel and simple shuttleoperating mechanism, whereby any desired number of ylf shuttles may be operated with facility; and, further, in an improved stop mechanism, whereby the failure of any one of a series of shuttles to enter its box may produce the stoppage of the loom without subjecting a long lay to any bending strain.

. The following is a description of my invention:

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is 'a front elevation, Fig. 2 a rear. elevation, of

the loom. Fig. 3 is an end view, Fig. 4 a vertical cross-section at w, Fig. l, and Figs. 5,

6, 7, and 8 are, respectively, two top views, a vertical longitudinal section and a side elevation, of the shuttle. At Figs. 9,10, and l1 are shown, in top view, front view, and end elevation, one of the shuttle-boxes; and at Figs. 12 and 13 are detail cross and longitudinal sections ofthe shuttle driving and holding device.

A is the frame of the loom 5 D, the lay, the swords or frame-D of which are hinged at h tothe frame A. c o are the reeds, carried by the lay.A 4B is a driving-shaft, provided with a pinion, E, that meshes into and drives the spur-gear F of the counter-shaft Gr. The shaft B, through the medium of pitmen C, drives the lay D, and the counter-shaft G is provided with a bevel-gear, d, which engages with and drives a similar gear, e, on a shaft, f, located near the middle of the machine, and at about right angles to shaft G. On the front end `of shaft f is a crank-plate, g, (see Figs. l and 4,) the wrist-pin of which is connected by a universal or ball joint to one end of a pitman, M, the other.l end of which is jointed at N to a frame, O, that has a reciprocating motion lengthwise of the machine, is connected to the frame of v the lay, and operates the pickersticks I in a manner to be presently explained.

H is a spiral spring, which actuates or serves as the -motor for theV picker-sticks I I. This spring is attached, at each end, to the lower extremity of one of said picker-sticks, and tends to vibrate each of said sticks in the direction to throw the shuttle-driving devices and the power of said spring is augmented, during its distention, by the movements of the sticks I I themselves, as will be presently explained.

These pickersticks and their connected dlevices .are duplicates, so that a description of one will answer for both. Each one moves the shuttle-driving device in one direction, and opposite that induced by the other.

The stick I is pivoted, at m, to the frame D1 of the lay, and has attached to its upper end a cord or otherilexiblecoupling device,t,by means of whichaconnectionisformed with an endless cord orband, m, mounted on the smalllpulleys" fn. n, and secured at intervals to shuttle-driving devices t t, &c., as and for purposes to be presently explained.

v The stick is provided with a lug or projec` tion, y, which catches into a latch-bar or catch, k, pivoted to the layframe,as shown, and is brought into the proper position to effect the engagement of said lug and latch by the movement of the upper arm Z of a Z-shaped rocking-lever, u, which is mounted on the axis about which the stick I vibrates. This roc-king-lever u also effects, by means of its lower end and a screw, fu, arranged therein, the tripping of the catch kto'release the lug y, and permit the spring H to actuate the pickerstick I.

I have made the frame O so that it can straddle the crank-plate gas the lay moves back, and have connected the crank-pin. of plate g to pitman M, and said pitman to the frame iC), by universal or swivel joints, because it is necessary to avoid any interference of the lay with thedriv-in'g-crank/and also `to provide a,

means which will permit the pitmau to drive the frame 0 in every position it may assume while traveling back and forth with the lay; but other forms of the frame O, and some other contrivance for the accomplishment ofthe purposes just mentioned, may be employed.

K K, Sac., are five shuttle-boxes, one more than the number of reeds c c o c. rlhese boxes K are open at both ends, and are adapted to.

receive a shuttle at each end. Each lshuttlebox is slotted at itsbottom to accommodate and permit the free passage of a shuttle-dri-V- ving device, t, which is movoed by the cord m,

x the box, and so shaped that its middle curved portion projects into the box slightly, (see Figs. 94 and.11,) and against the free end of said bar w the .upper end of f the oscillating-lever o presses, which, in turn, is pressed upon by the end of a spring, a2, fastened tothe box.

From this construction it follows th at when the shuttle, which is of a size and shape to about -fll it, enters the box K, it will press out the arm fw, the free end of which will then force and hold out the upper end of the lever o, so that the lower end of the latter will be maintained in about the position illustratedV by the dotted lines at Fig. l1. The object of holding the said lever 0 in this position when the shuttle is present in the box will be presently explained.

The box K is made as usual, with a hinged lid, K2, which I secure in a closed condition, by means of two spring catches, b2 b2, as shown, and it is formed with-a slot, c2, in its bottom, in which travels the finger t, before referred to. .This part t is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, with a leg portion, which passes down through the slot c2, and is free to slide longitudinally therein. This leg or lower portion has a recess formed in it, into which is iittedand securely fastened, by screws d2, a

short bar or carriage, t2, that takes a bearing against the top and bottom of, and rides longitudinally in, the channel or recessed portion c2 of the shuttle-box. (See Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13.) The objects of this peculiar construction are to more securely unite the leg t and portion t2 than they could be by the screws without anyjinterlockin g device, and to get a longer bearing of the part t2 in the channel c2, to better withstand any strain or shocks occasionedv whenvthe shuttle-comes suddenly against lthe upperendof the inger t. In the upper cylindrical portion of t is securely fitted a cushion, f2, of rubber, cork, or other suitable slight .thread from the bobbin T2.

ly-elastic material, which. cushionhas a smalli hole runningccntrally through it,l and is cupshaped or tunnel-like at its ends, as -seen at Figs. 13 and 12. The object of this shape 1s to adapt thecushion at each end to just fit over the pointed end of the shuttle,and form a perfect seat for it, Without, however, touching the extreme point of the shuttle.

The construction of the shuttle which operates in conjunction with the boxes and mechanism just described, and the take-up mechanism of the shuttle, will be best understood by reference to Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8. The shuttle S2 is of about the size and form of an ordinary fly-shuttle. T2 is the bobbin,held in the usual manner on the hollow spindle of the jshuttle. Pand I3 are two carriages or sliding cross-bars, which are mounted to move freely in longitudinal grooves formed in the sides of 4the shuttle near its upper-edge, and which have yconnected to them springs-or elastic cords m2 m3, the tendency of which is to hold said crossbars, respectively, toward `the ends of said grooves. One of these sliding bars, I2, is provided with two eyes, s s, while the other has one, s3, and through these eyes passes the The springs or rubber cords m2 m3 are each fastened at one end to a stationary eye, n, or staple at the end .of the shuttle, as shown, and at Z3 is the usual tension tbe, through which the thread from the bobbin irst passes. It then passes to a stationary eye, si", on one side near middle and upper edge of the shuttle; thence through one of the eyes s of' cross-bar I2; thence,- -through the eye s3 of bar I3; thence through the other eye s of bar 12,-and thence through exit-eye or hole s? of the shuttle The sliding bars are shown at Fig. 5 in their normalpositions, while in Fig. 6 they are shown as moving toward their other extreme position near the middle of the shuttle.

When the thread fr is drawn through the hole s6 of the shuttle to put in a pick the thread rst draws the sliding `bars I2 I3 toward each other and to the middle of the shuttle, so that the eyes s s, the eyess, and

the stationary and exit eyes 85 and s6 are arranged nearly inline, and then pulls through the tension-tube Z3, unwinding them from the bobbin; and that the moment all pulling and retaining force ceases the thread is taken back bythe movement of the cross-bars toward the `ends ofthe shuttle, and to their normal position. v

The stop mechanism is composed of a rod, s, running the whole length of the loom, and having projecting from it a number of arms, p, (see Figs. 1, 3, 4,) one-of which is adapted to come against a tripping-lever, g, and operate the mechanism for stopping the lloom and .putting on a break in the usual manner. L is the hand-lever for throwing the power on. The stop mechanism is not fully shown, as my invention relates only to that* part of the mechanism which is connectedwith the shuttle-boxes.

" ".'llie` operation of the parts already described `1will=beunderstoodwith little further explana-` tion. u

^ The four shuttles are thrown simultaneously, Vfirst in one and then in the other direction, by oneof' the picker-sticks I, through the medium'of the series "of shuttle-drivers t at-n tached to the cord-m.,

' In thecondition in which the parts are shown atFig. 1 the 'shuttles would all be' housed in those of the boxes K which are on the right-hand side of the reeds c, and as the 1 lay receded and the warp was lifted the crank-` plate-g would make a half-revolution, causing the pitman M to move the frame O in the di-' rection indicated by the arrow in Fi g. l, where- I by the' lever I on the right of the machine Wouldbe disengaged from its catch k and suddenly thrown, by its spring H, into the condition in which the lever on the left now appears. By this sudden vibration of the picker# stick its connectingcord fi would be made to jerk the endless band m, (as indicated by the arrows,) which carries the shuttle-drivers t, causing all four of the shuttles to fly over to theboxes on the lefthand side of the reeds.

Whenever the shuttle flies through lthe warp its thread is carried clear through; but if the l picks are being inserted atoue side only of' thewarp, asin forming the gussets of the corsets, the surplus weftthread will be drawn back each time into the shuttle by the take- `up mechanism of the shuttle, already de;

scribed; and this take-up device is capable of drawing back from fifteen to seventeen inches of threadin a fly-shuttle of' the usual width and about twelve inches long.

Each one of the shuttle-drivers has a throw about equal to the length of the shuttle, and acts alternately as a device for'impelling a shuttle and a device for stopping orreceiving onethat is to say, as the shuttle-boxes K are V open at both ends and the shuttles enter them from first one and then the other direction, every time a finger, t, makes a stroke it throws a shuttle from its box and stops at the opposite end of said box, ready to receive, in the opposite end of its cushion f2, the point ofthe shuttle which is to be thrown into said box by another finger, and which is to enter said. box in the same direction as that in which the last shuttle took its departure." By having the picker-stick moved by a spring, which is put under tension by the movements ofthe working parts of the loom and brought suddenly into action as a motor by a tripping device, I

am enabled to effect the proper'ilight of" the shuttle, irrespectiveof how, or at what point' chine,"`to` be locked 4ready for action, just as the otherstick is to be tripped or let iiy, it follows that the spring H is distended for action, each time, by first one andthen theother of the picker-sticks', and that each pickerlstick, whentripped or let fly, has `the benefit Lof afforce equal to the maximum power ot' the whole length of' said spring H.

` 'As the shuttle flies into the box K, through either end of the latter, its flight is checked,

ffirst, by the f'riction created by contact, at its side, with the curved portion of the springbar w, and then, by itsl forward end or point striking into the cushion-seat f2 of the receiving-finger t; andto still furtherease off the stoppage of' the shuttle, this finger is carried along slightly by the shuttle till :it comes to its seat against the end of the 'slot c, where I have placed a yielding bearing or 'slight elastic seat or stop, c4, of' leather or-other suitable material. As I have before remarked, the throw or motion of the finger t is such that, atjeach stroke, it moves from one end to the other of its path of motion 5 but, by reason of the flexible connection t, between the pickerstick I and the actuating band m, to which said finger is secured, the 'latter slightlyre- 'bounds at the end of its stroke in the slot c?,

so as to be placed in a position to permit the slight motion just described as occurring when struck by a shuttle entering the box.

` Whenever, from any accident, any one of' the shuttles fails to come home into its box K,

the spring-bar w will remain in itsnormal position, and in this position the lever o (see Figs. 9 and l1) will remain inthe'p'osition shown in full lines in the drawing, and so hold upone of' the arms p (see Figs l and') as to bring one of said arms into contact with the stopping mechanism of the loom-as the lay beats up, as at each time all the 'shuttles iiy there must be left unoccupied, by any shuttle, a box atone endof thewholeseries; and as this unoccupied box, without some preventive, wouldbe themeans, through its bar w and arm p, of stoppingl the loom, I provide the cord or band m with the blin'ds7 or false shuttles--that is, a lightV frame or box, of' any kind,'equal in width to the width of a shuttle, and attach them one near each end box of' the series, so that, at each throwof` the shuttlc-driving mechanism, one of these blinds or false shuttles77 will be brought into that `end box which'is left Without any shuttle in it, for the purpose of forcing and holding outward theu bar w of said box, and thus preventing any automatic stoppage of the loom.

As the whole series of arms p are fast on one shaft s, it follows that if any rone of the spring-bars w is not forced out by the proper entrance of the shuttle, the shaft swill be prevented from turning downward bythe retention of that arm p which" is in contact with the spring-bar not affected by the pres ence of a shuttle, `and the' loom lwill be stopped.

This feature of my machine Vis Oneof" considerable practical importance, for by it all possibility of a failure in the automatic stoppage of the loom, in the event of any one of the shuttles not properly coming home to its box, is avoided, and this perfection of operation will follow, no matter how many gangs, or shuttles, reeds, and boxes may be in the series. By having the projecting and stopping lingers t provided with the cushionsv or elastic seats f2 fitting the ends of the shuttles, as described, any tendency of the shuttle to Waver in its ght, When starting off on the ily, is overcome by the tendency of the surrounding cushion f2 of the propelling iin ger, to hold the axis of the shuttle inline.

Having fully explained the several features of my improvements, and so described the construction and operation of a loom embodying them, that one skilled in the art can make and use the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, with a shuttle adapted to be used as a ily-shuttle, of a take-up mechanism composed of sliding bars with eyes, and eyes in the shuttles, substantially as herein described.

2. A series of iiy-shuttles, tted with takeup mechanism composed of sliding-bars With eyes, and eyes in the shuttle, in combination x with a series of shuttle-boxes open at both ends, substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, witha series of fly-shuttles, and a series of shuttle-boxes open at both ends, of a series of shuttle-drivers attached to one endless band which runs on pulleys attached to the lay and exibly connected picker-staves arranged inside of the side frames of the loom, substantially as herein specified.

4. The combination, with the picker-sticks, of catches 7c k attached to the lay-frame for engaging with the said sticks, levers u u attached to the said frame for engaging, and the said catches from the sticks, and a spring, H, connecting the sticks, the Whole operating substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

5. In combination with a series of shuttleboxes and a means for arresting the throw of 'the lay, the series of stop-ngers or levers p,

one for each shuttle-box, all fast to the shaft s, but only those tW'o ngers at the ends of the shaft operatinggdirectly upon the stopmechanism, substantially as herein described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 17 th day of November, 1873.

J. N. McIN'rIRE, JACOB FELBEL. 

